Journal: Cancers

Article Title: Implication of COPB2 Expression on Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis

doi: 10.3390/cancers14082038

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of COPB2 knockdown on biologic behavior of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) cells: ( A ) (i) COPB2 protein expression decreased predominantly after COPB2 knockdown in both HSC-1 and A431 cells (Magnification, 400×; Scale bar, 50 μm); (ii) Proliferation ability of both HSC-1 and A431 cells decreased significantly after COPB2 knockdown at the indicated time points (Both p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney U-test). ( B ) (i) Representative patterns of cell invasion in each group of cSCC cells (Magnification, 100×; Scale bar, 200 μm). (ii) Invasion ability of both HSC-1 and A431 cells decreased significantly after COPB2 knockdown (Both p = 0.002, Mann-Whitney U-test). ( C ) Apoptotic cells increased predominantly after COPB2 knockdown in both HSC-1 and A431 cells. ( D ) (i) Tumor nodules of xenograft mouse models obtained from control and shCOPB2 groups of A431 cells (Scale bar, 1 cm). (ii) Volume of the tumor nodules increased significantly in control group compared to that in the COPB2 knockdown group at the indicated days (* p = 0.008, Mann-WhitneyU-test). (iii) Representative patterns of apoptotic cells in tumor nodules from each group of A431 cells-xenograft models (Magnification, 400×; Scale bar, 50 μm). Apoptotic cells were predominantly higher in the COPB2 knockdown group than in the control group in A431 cells ( p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney U-test).

Article Snippet: COPB2 knockdown stable HSC-1 and A431, as well as related control cells, were established using pGFP-C-shCOPB2 lentiviral particles (OriGene, Rockville, MD, USA) and maintained in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA) and 1% streptomycin/penicillin (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Angiogenesis in the Outer Membrane of Chronic Subdural Hematomas through Thrombin-Cleaved Osteopontin and the Integrin α9 and Integrin β1 Signaling Pathways

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11051440

Figure Lengend Snippet: Western blots showing the expression of integrin α9β1 and the subsequent angiogenic pathway molecules in the outer membrane of chronic subdural hematomas from eight patients. Integrins β1 and α9, vinculin, talin-1, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), FAK phosphorylated at Tyr397 (p-FAK at Tyr397), paxillin, α-actinin and Src were detected in almost all cases. Positive controls are shown in the right lanes and suggest that these molecules were correctly detected. RAW 264.7, murine leukemia macrophage cell line lysate; rat liver, rat liver whole cell lysate; A431 cell lysate, epidermoid carcinoma cell lysate; rat brain lysate, rat brain whole cell lysate.

Article Snippet: Positive controls were RAW264.7 cell lysate (Cell Signaling Technology), rat liver lysate (BD Bioscience, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), A431 cell lysate (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) and rat brain lysate (BD Bioscience).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Membrane

Journal: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Standardized Pomegranate (Pomella ® ) and Red Maple (Maplifa ® ) Extracts and Their Phenolics Protect Type I Collagen by the Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases, Collagenase, and Collagen Cross-Linking.

doi: 10.3390/molecules27227919

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Protein expression levels of metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) on NTERT and A431 whole cell lysates without any treatment (A) and significant increase of MMP-13 expression in A431 compared to NTERT (B). Measurement of MMP13 expression on A431 upon treatment with Pomella® and Maplifa® extracts (both at 12.5 µg/mL), their pure compounds PA and GA (both at 12.5 µM) and their 1:1 combination each at 12.5 µM. The inhibitory effects were determined by the Western blot assay using A431 cell lysates (C). Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation (S.D.) from three independent experiments performed in duplicate (B,D). Statistically significant difference was considered * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 when compared to the control group and ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 when compared between individual treatment groups.

Article Snippet: Epidermoid carcinoma A431 cell lines were purchased from Angio-Proteomie (Boston, MA, USA) and cultured in DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Standard Deviation, Control

Journal: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Standardized Pomegranate (Pomella ® ) and Red Maple (Maplifa ® ) Extracts and Their Phenolics Protect Type I Collagen by the Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases, Collagenase, and Collagen Cross-Linking.

doi: 10.3390/molecules27227919

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. Induction of type I collagen (collagen 1A1) protein expression levels and modulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) after 48 h treatment of A431 with Maplifa® (25 µg/mL), Pomella® (12.5 µg/mL), Maplifa® (25 µg/mL) + Pomella (12.5 µg/mL), GA (12.5 µM), PA (12.5 µM) and GA+PA (12.5 µM) by Western blotting. The inductive or inhibitory effects were analyzed by Western blot assay of A431 cell lysates (A). Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation (S.D.) from three independent experiments each performed in duplicate (B,C for collagen 1 A1 and MMP9 respectively). Statistically significant difference was considered, not significant (ns) compared to control, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 when compared to the control group and ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, #### p < 0.0001 when compared between individual treatment groups.

Article Snippet: Epidermoid carcinoma A431 cell lines were purchased from Angio-Proteomie (Boston, MA, USA) and cultured in DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Standard Deviation, Control